DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

111-96-6

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER
EINECS NO. 203-924-4
FORMULA (CH3OCH2CH2)2O
MOL WT. 134.17

H.S. CODE

  
TOXICITY  
SYNONYMS Diglyme; Dimethoxydiglycol; 1,1'-Oxybis(2-methoxyethane);
(2-Methoxyethyl) ether; 2,5,8-Trioxanonane; 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)-1-methoxyethane; Bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether; Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether; Di(2-Methoxyethyl) ether; Diglycol methyl ether; Dimethyl carbitol; 2,2'-Oxybisethanol dimethyl ether; Bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether; Glyme 2; Methyldiglyme; Poly-Solv; Other CAS RN: 54631-70-8; 70992-86-8; 142939-39-7;
SMILES

 

CLASSIFICATION

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE clear liquid
MELTING POINT -64 C
BOILING POINT 102 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

0.94 - 0.95
SOLUBILITY IN WATER  
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY  

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 2 Flammability: 2 Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 1.4097
FLASH POINT 60 C
STABILITY

Stable under ordinary conditions

APPLICATIONS
Glycol: any of a class of organic chemicals characterized by having separate two hydroxyl (-OH) groups, contribute to high water solubility, hygroscopicity and reactivity with many organic compounds, on usually linear and aliphatic carbon chain. The general formula is CnH2n(OH)2 or (CH2)n(OH)2. The wider meaning names include diols, dihydric alcohols, and dihydroxy alcohols. Polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols are sometimes called polyglycols which are derived by polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide respectively. Polyethylene glycols are water-soluble at all molecular weights, but polypropylene glycols become increasingly less water-soluble at high molecular weights. Ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, is the simplest member of the glycol family. Mono-, di- and triethylene glycols are the first three members of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols. They are colourless, essentially odourless stable liquids with low viscosities and high boiling points. Ethylene glycol is a colourless, odourless, involatile and hygroscopic liquid with a sweet taste.  It is somewhat viscous liquid; miscible with water; boiling point 198 C, melting point 13 C; soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, aldehydes; slightly soluble in ether; insoluble in oil, fat, hydrocarbones. It is prepared commercially by oxidation of ethylene at high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono-, with di-, tri-, and tetraethylene glycols as co-products.  The yields of ethylene glycol are depend on pH conditions. The acid-catalyzed condition in the presence of excess water provides the highest yield of monoethylene glycol. Because of its low freezing point, involatility and low corrosive activity, it is widely used in mixtures of automobile antifreeze and engine-cooling liquids. Ethylene glycol has become increasingly important in the plastics industry for the manufacture of polyester fibers and resins, including polyethylene terephthalate, which is used to make plastic bottles for soft drinks (PET bottles). MEG is the raw material in the production of polyester fiber, PET resins, alkyd, and unsaturated polyester. Diethylene glycol, CH2OHCH2OCH2CH2OH, is similar in properties to MEG, but with a higher boiling point, viscosity, and specific gravity. Diethylene glycol is used in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethanes and plasticizers. It is a water-soluble liquid;  boiling point 245 C; soluble in many organic solvents. It is used as a humectant in the tobacco industry and in the treatment of corks, glue, paper and cellophane. Diethylene glycol (DEG) is derived as a co-product with ethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. The industry generally operates to maximize MEG production. Ethylene glycol is by far the largest volume of the glycol products in a variety of applications. Availability of DEG will depend on demand for derivatives of the primary product, ethylene glycol, rather than on DEG market requirements. Triethylene glycol, HO(C2H4O)3H, is a colourless, odourless, non-volatile, and hygroscopic liquid. It is characterised by two hydroxyl groups along with two ether linkages, which contribute to its high water solubility, hygroscopicity, solvent properties and reactivity with many organic compounds. DEG is used in the synthesis of morpholine and 1,4-dioxane. TEG is displacing diethylene glycol in many of these applications on account of its lower toxicity. TEG finds use as a vinyl plasticizer, as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyester resins and polyols, and as a solvent in many miscellaneous applications. Triethylene glycol (TEG) is derived as a coproduct in the manufacture of ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide, and from "on-purpose" TEG production using diethylene glycol. Some capacities are based on total capacity for ethylene glycols. The main uses for TEG depend upon its hygroscopic properties. Air conditioning systems use TEG as dehumidifiers and, when volatilized, as an air disinfectant for bacteria and virus control. Glycols, having high boiling point and affinity for water, are employed as liquid desiccant for the dehydration of natural gas. The dehydration means the removal of water vapor in refinery tower so that dry hydrocarbon gases can exit from the top of the tower. There are wide range of glycol ethers which have bifunctional nature of ether and alcohol. cellosolves are monoether derivatives of ethylene glycol. They are excellent solvents, having solvent properties of both ethers and alcohols. Glycol family products are versatile compounds used in the fields include;
  • Anti-freezing and anti-icing additive
  • Intermediate in polymer production and chemical reaction
  • Solvent or plasticizer for plastic, lacquer, paint and varnish
  • Hydraulic, brake, thermal exchange fluids and fuel additive
  • Humidifying and plasticizing
  • Dehydrating
  • Coupling printing inks
  • Textile conditioning
  • Solvent for dyes in textile and leather finishing
  • Agricultural formulation
  • General purpose cleaners
  • Explosives manufacture
  • Electrolytic component
  • Humectant
  • Water-based coating
  • Preservative, rust remover, and disinfectant

Glycol ethers, with the combination of ether, alcohol and hydrocarbon chain in one molecule, provide versatile solvency characteristics with both polar and non-polar properties. The chemical structure of long hydrocarbon chain resist to solubility in water, while ether or alcohol groups introduce the promoted hydrophilic solubility performance. This surfactant-like structure provides the compatibility between water and a number of organic solvents, and the ability to couple unlike phases. Glycol ethers are characterized by their wide range of hydrophilic/hydrophobic balances. glycol ethers are used as diluents and levelling agents in the manufacture of paints and baking finishes. Glycol ether series are used in the manufacture of nitrocellulose and combination lacquers. They are used as an additive in brake fluid. They are formulated for dying textiles and leathers and for insecticides and herbicides. They provides performance in cleaners products with oil-water dispersions. They are used in printing industries as they have a slow evaporation rate. They are used as a fixative for perfumes, germicides, bactericides, insect repellents and antiseptic. They are used as an additive for jet fuel to prevent ice buildup. Thje term of cellosolve refers to ethylene glycol monoethyl ether or a group of glycol ether solvent as below.

Glycol ether

Cellosolve

CAS RN
Tris(ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) phosphate Tributyl cellosolve phosphate 78-51-3
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acrylate Cellosolve acrylate 106-74-1
Ethylene glycol isopropyl ether

Isopropyl cellosolve

 109-59-1
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether

Methyl cellosolve

 109-86-4
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate

Methyl cellosolve acetate

 110-49-6
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether

Dimethyl cellosolve

 110-71-4
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether

Cellosolve

 110-80-5
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether oleate Methyl cellosolve oleate 111-10-4
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate

Ethyl cellosolve acetate

 111-15-9
Ethylene glycol monoallyl ether Allyl cellosolve 111-45-5
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether

Butyl cellosolve

 111-76-2
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether

Carbitol cellosolve

 111-90-0
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate

Butyl cellosolve acetate

 112-07-2
Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether Hexyl cellosolve 112-25-4
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

Butyl carbitol

 112-34-5
Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether

Dibutyl cellosolve

 112-48-1
Bis(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) phthalate Dimethyl cellosolve phthalate 117-82-8
Bis(ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) phthalate Dibutyl cellosolve phthalate 117-83-9
Ethylene glycol o,p-Dichlorophenyl ether 2,4-Dichlorophenyl cellosolve 120-67-2
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether

Phenyl cellosolve

 122-99-6
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetylricinoleate Methyl cellosolve acetylricinoleate 140-05-6
Bis(ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) adipate Dibutyl cellosolve adipate 141-18-4
Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether

Benzyl cellosolve

 622-08-2
Ethylene glycol diethyl ether

Diethyl cellosolve

 629-14-1
Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether

Propyl cellosolve

 2807-30-9
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate Methyl cellosolve acrylate 3121-61-7
Ethylene glycol butyl ethyl ether Butyl ethyl cellosolve 4413-13-2
Ethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether Isobutyl cellosolve 4439-24-1
Ethyleneglycol 2-ethylbutyl ether Ethylbutyl cellosolve 4468-93-3
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acrylate Butyl cellosolve acrylate 7251-90-3
Ethylene glycol monoheptyl ether Heptyl cellosolve 7409-44-1
Ethylene glycol monomethylpentyl ether 2-Methylpentyl cellosolve 10137-96-9
Ethylene glycol o,p-Dichlorophenyl methyl ether 2,4-Dichlorophenyl methyl cellosolve 10140-84-8
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether phosphate Butyl cellosolve phosphate 14260-98-1
Poly(cellosolve silicate) Poly(cellosolve silicate) 37338-04-8
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether acrylate Phenyl cellosolve acrylate 48145-04-6
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether oleate Cellosolve oleate 68134-05-4
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether sebacate Butyl cellosolve sebacate 68186-66-3
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether phosphate potassium salt Butyl cellosolve, phosphate potassium salt 68389-63-9
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether polyphosphate Butyl cellosolve polyphosphate 68514-82-9
Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether phosphate Hexyl cellosolve phosphate 68814-14-2

The term of glyme refers to glycol dimethyl ether. Monoglyme, diglyme, triglyme are ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and triethylene glycol dimethyl ether respectively. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether is readily soluble in water. Glymes, dimethyl ethers, have two terminal methyl groups which offer stability and high solvency. They are used as a higher boiling alternative to diethyl ether or THF. Glyme forms chelate and are useful as bidentate ligands. They are useful as solubilizers and phase transfer catalysts. Glymes offer the property required as an inert reaction medium chemical reaction due to their low chemical reactivity. They are suitable particularly for organometallic and polymerization reactions. Glycol ethers which contain hydroxyl group are also useful chemical intermediate. The hydroxyl group will undergo reaction with aldehydes (or ketones) to produce hemiacetals (or acetals), with epoxides to produce polyether alcohols, with halogenating agents to produce alkoxy alkyl halides, with carboxylic acid compounds or inorganic acids to produce a number of esters.

Glycol dimethyl ether

Glyme

CAS RN
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether Monoglyme 110-71-4
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether Diglyme 111-96-6
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether Ethyl diglyme 112-36-7
Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether Triglyme 112-49-2
Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether Butyl Diglyme 112-73-2
Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether Tetraglyme 143-24-8
Ethylene glycol diethyl ether Ethyl monoglyme 629-14-1
Polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether Polyglycol BB 31885-97-9
Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether Proglyme 111109-77-4
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

clear liquid

PURITY

99.5% min

COLOR, APHA

15 max
ACIDITY

0.03% max

WATER

0.05 max

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 190kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS  
UN NO.

2369
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: T, Risk Phrases: 60-61-10-19, Safety Phrases: 53-45